What is high blood pressure ?
High blood pressure, or hypertension, is a medical condition that is diagnosed when your blood pressure is measured to be greater than 140/90 on two or more occasions. High blood pressure affects 50 million Americans, or one in every four adults. Furthermore, more than half of all Americans over age 65 have hypertension.
Hypertension usually has no symptoms and is considered a silent condition. Occasionally, someone with high blood pressure can experience headaches, confusion, nausea, and visual disturbance or in extreme rare cases even seizures.
Most people with high blood pressure have essential (or primary) hypertension. Essential hypertension accounts for 95% of all cases of high blood pressure. Essential hypertension has no known cause but is likely due to combination of factors such as genetics, insulin resistance and obesity. Secondary hypertension is due to known causes and accounts for 5% of all cases of high blood pressure. These causes include kidney disease, obstructive sleep apnea, heavy alcohol use, certain medications like long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and certain street drugs like cocaine.
Risk factors for developing hypertension include having a family history of high blood pressure, alcohol abuse, high salt intake, an inactive lifestyle, and being overweight.
There is no doubt that high blood pressure has an impact on the lifestyle of the patient. High blood pressure is associated with long-term complications. Uncontrolled disease can lead to heart disease, stroke, other health problem even death.
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